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Urine Sodium Level Test
Synonyms
None
Purpose
The Urine Sodium Level Test measures the concentration of sodium ions in a urine sample. It helps assess how well the kidneys are managing sodium balance in the body.
This test is important for evaluating kidney function, identifying the cause of electrolyte imbalances, and diagnosing conditions such as dehydration, acute kidney injury, or adrenal gland disorders.
It works by analyzing a collected urine sample, typically over 24 hours or from a random sample, using laboratory techniques to quantify sodium content.
This test is often performed alongside blood sodium tests, urine creatinine, and serum creatinine, for a more complete picture of kidney and electrolyte health.
Patient Preparation
No special preparations required.
Samples
10ml aliquot with a minimum volume of 1ml of urine 24-hour collected in a plastic urine container without preservatives. All urine should be collected, including the final specimen at the end of the 24-hour collection period, mixed, and the lid secured. Label the container with the patient’s details (name, date of collection time). Store the sample at room temperature.
Reference Range
6-80 years: 10-116mmol/24hr, >80 years: 683mmol/24hr
Results Turnaround
Within 24 hours of receipt of samples.
Diseases / Diagnostic indicators
Low urine sodium levels (hyponatremia) may suggest that the kidneys are conserving sodium due to conditions like glomerulonephritis, congestive heart failure, or nephrotic syndrome, often as a response to fluid imbalance or poor circulation.
On the other hand, higher-than-normal urine sodium levels can indicate that the kidneys are excreting too much sodium, which might point to adrenal disorders, diuretic use, or kidney damage.
The results help doctors determine the root cause of sodium imbalance and guide proper treatment. For more on Urine Sodium Testing, see this study.