Direct Coombs Test
1,500 Kshs | Home Collection Available
Synonyms
Direct antihuman globulin test (DAT)
Purpose
This test is important for diagnosing conditions like autoimmune hemolytic anemia, hemolytic disease of the newborn, or transfusion reactions. It helps determine the cause of unexplained anemia or jaundice.
Other tests that can be done alongside it include the Indirect Coombs Test, Complete Blood Count (CBC), Reticulocyte count, Bilirubin test, and Haptoglobin levels.
Patient Preparation
There are no special requirements for this test.
Samples
4.0 ml Whole blood collected in an EDTA tube (purple top). Mix the sample gently by inverting eight times immediately after collection, for proper mixing of blood with the EDTA. Samples are stable at room temperature for 24 hours and for 3 days refrigerated.
Reference Range
Negative
Results Turnaround
1-2 days after sample collection.
Diseases / Diagnostic indicators
Doctors use the Direct Coombs Test to detect antibodies or complement proteins bound to the surface of red blood cells, which can cause hemolysis (the destruction of red blood cells).
The test helps diagnose immune-related hemolytic anemia by detecting antibodies attached to red blood cells.
Positive result
Indicates immune-mediated destruction of red blood cells, as seen in autoimmune hemolytic anemia, hemolytic disease of the newborn, certain infections, and reactions to incompatible blood transfusions.
Negative result
Suggests that red blood cells are not currently being attacked by antibodies, making immune-mediated hemolysis less likely. For more on the Direct Coombs Test, read this study.