Bilirubin Test
500 Kshs | Home Collection Available
Synonyms
Bilirubin, total, conjugated, and unconjugated
Purpose
The Bilirubin Test is a blood test that measures the levels of total, direct (conjugated), and indirect (unconjugated) bilirubin in the bloodstream. The body forms bilirubin as a yellow pigment when it breaks down red blood cells, and the liver processes it for elimination.
The test helps diagnose and monitor liver diseases (e.g., hepatitis, cirrhosis, detects bile duct blockages or gallstones, and identifies hemolytic anemia or other red blood cell disorders.
The test can be combined with Liver Function Tests (LFTs), Complete Blood Count (CBC), Prothrombin Time (PT/INR), Albumin test, and Ultrasound of the liver or gallbladder.
Patient Preparation
The adult patient is required to avoid eating or drinking anything other than water four hours before the test. Children do not require any special preparation.
Samples
3ml with a minimum volume of 1ml of Serum or plasma collected in a Gel-barrier, red-top, or green-top tube (lithium heparin). Separate the plasma or serum within 45 minutes of sample collection. Store the sample in a refrigerator for up to 3 days; only keep it at room temperature for a maximum of 2 days.
Reference Range
Direct (conjugated) bilirubin 0.3mg/dL, total bilirubin 0. To 1.2 mg/dL
Results Turnaround
Within 24 hours
Diseases / Diagnostic indicators
Elevated or abnormal bilirubin levels often indicate liver dysfunction, bile flow issues, or red blood cell breakdown problems. The test pinpoints the underlying condition by identifying which type of bilirubin is elevated.
Elevated Total Bilirubin:
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- May indicate liver disease (e.g., hepatitis, cirrhosis)
- May also suggest hemolysis (increased breakdown of red blood cells)
Elevated Direct (Conjugated) Bilirubin:
- Suggests bile duct obstruction, gallstones, or cholestasis
- Can be a sign of liver infections or drug-induced liver injury
Elevated Indirect (Unconjugated) Bilirubin:
- Associated with hemolytic anemia, sickle cell disease, or Gilbert’s syndrome
- Seen in newborn jaundice, where liver function is immature
Low or Normal Bilirubin:
- This result typically doesn’t raise concern, but healthcare providers must interpret it alongside other liver function tests.
For more on Bilirubin Testing, read this study.