Adenovirus Test

Synonyms

ADV PCR, Adenoviruses, Adenovirus Test, Antigen Detection, or the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

Purpose of Adenovirus Test

The Adenovirus Test is a stool analysis test that detects adenovirus (types 40 and 41) in stool specimens. This test helps identify viral gastroenteritis, especially in individuals with diarrhea, abdominal pain, and dehydration. Adenoviruses and other viral agents, such as rotavirus, are significant causes of gastrointestinal infections in children and adults.

Other stool tests are frequently performed simultaneously to give a more complete picture of gastrointestinal health. The Rotavirus Test supplemented the Adenovirus Test by detecting rotavirus, another common cause of viral gastroenteritis primarily affecting young children. Testing for both rotavirus and adenovirus allows medical professionals to differentiate between several viral causes of gastroenteritis, which results in more targeted treatment approaches.

Additionally, combining the Adenovirus Test with the Fecal Culture Test aids in detecting any concomitant bacterial infections that may exacerbate gastrointestinal symptoms. Antibiotic treatment and care are guided accordingly if bacterial infections are found in addition to adenovirus. Using these tests together allows for a more complete approach to diagnosing and treating gastrointestinal infections, ultimately improving patient outcomes.

Patient Preparation for the Adenovirus Test

No special preparation is needed.

Samples

2 mL liquid stool or 2 g semi-formed stool. Sterile screw-cap container. Stool samples should be collected in clean and dry containers (no preservatives or transport media). Refrigerated at 2-8° C.

Reference Range

Negative

Results Turnaround

2 – 4 days after receipt of samples.

Diseases / Diagnostic Indicators of Adenovirus

Adenovirus detection in stool specimens, particularly types 40 and 41, is closely associated with viral gastroenteritis, which frequently manifests as vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach pain.

Immunocompromised people, young children, and those who spend a lot of time in close quarters, such as childcare facilities and schools, are more likely to contract this infection. Finding the adenovirus causing the gastroenteritis is essential because it helps distinguish between bacterial and viral causes, allowing for more specialized treatment.

Adenovirus gastroenteritis can cause severe dehydration due to fluid loss, particularly in infants and toddlers. In most healthy individuals, Adenovirus gastroenteritis is self-limiting, but it can be more severe and protracted in those with compromised immune systems.

Use this extensive resource on Adenoviruses to better understand adenovirus infections and related symptoms.