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Transferrin Test

Transferrin Test

Synonyms

siderophilin

Purpose

The Transferrin Test measures the concentration of transferrin, a protein produced by the liver that binds to and transports iron in the blood. Transferrin plays a crucial role in regulating iron absorption and distribution throughout the body.

This test is important for evaluating iron status and diagnosing conditions such as iron deficiency anemia or iron overload. It helps determine whether the body has the right balance of iron for healthy red blood cell production.

The test can be performed alongside Serum Iron, Total Iron-Binding Capacity (TIBC), Transferrin Saturation, Ferritin, and Complete Blood Count (CBC). Together, these tests provide a comprehensive overview of iron metabolism and help diagnose or monitor iron-related conditions.

Patient Preparation

No special preparations are required.

Samples

1ml volume of serum or plasma collected in a Gel-barrier, red-top, or green-top tube (lithium heparin). Avoid using EDTA plasma. Transfer separated serum or plasma to a plastic transport tube if a red top tube is used. Store the sample at room temperature.

Transferrin Test in Kenya

Reference Range

204-360mg/dl

Results Turnaround

1-2 days after receipt of samples..

Diseases / Diagnostic indicators

The Transferrin Test helps evaluate iron transport and storage in the body. In iron deficiency anemia, the body increases transferrin production to capture and transport the limited available iron. In contrast, chronic illnesses may reduce protein production, leading to low transferrin levels.

High transferrin levels may suggest:

  • Iron deficiency anemia – the body increases transferrin production to try to absorb more iron
  • Pregnancy – mild increases are common
  • Acute or chronic blood loss

Low transferrin levels may indicate:

  • Chronic illnesses – such as kidney disease, liver disease, or cancer (neoplasia)
  • Malnutrition or protein loss, due to poor liver function or kidney problems
  • Hereditary atransferrinemia – a rare genetic condition causing very low transferrin levels

Clinicians interpret the results alongside other iron studies to help pinpoint the underlying cause of abnormal iron levels.. For more on the Transferrin Test, read this study.