Liver Function Tests
3,500 Kshs | Home Collection Available
Synonyms
Liver function panel, Liver profile, hepatic function panel, LFT
Purpose
Liver function tests (LFTs) are a group of blood tests that measure various enzymes, proteins, and substances produced by the liver, including albumin, total protein, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). These tests help assess how well the liver is functioning and detect signs of liver inflammation, damage, or disease.
LFTs are important for diagnosing conditions such as hepatitis, fatty liver disease, cirrhosis, liver tumors, and bile duct obstructions. They are also useful in monitoring treatment progress for liver conditions or the effects of medications on the liver.
The test can be combined with Prothrombin Time (PT/INR), Gamma GT, Ultrasound or liver imaging, Hepatitis panel, Complete blood count (CBC), and Ammonia levels.
Patient Preparation
The patient may need to avoid eating or drinking for 10-12 hours before the test.
Samples
1ml with a minimum volume of 0.5ml of Serum or plasma collected in a Gel-barrier, red-top, or green-top tube (heparin). Plasma or serum should be separated within 45 minutes of sample collection. Maintain the sample at room temperature.
Reference Range
It is dependent on the type of test run.
Results Turnaround
Within 24 hours of receipt of samples.
Diseases / Diagnostic indicators
Liver function tests help identify a wide range of liver-related conditions based on the elevation or reduction of specific liver enzymes and proteins:
- Persistent or severe elevation typically warrants imaging, biopsy, or viral hepatitis screening.
- Elevated ALT and AST levels typically indicate liver cell injury, as seen in hepatitis, fatty liver disease, or alcohol-related liver damage.
- High ALP may point to bile duct obstruction, liver cancer, or bone disorders.
- Increased bilirubin often signals jaundice due to liver dysfunction, bile duct blockage, or hemolytic anemia.
- Low albumin and total protein may suggest chronic liver disease, malnutrition, or kidney disorders.
- Raised LDH can indicate liver damage, hemolysis, or cancer.
- Normal results indicate healthy liver function.
- Abnormal results may prompt further testing to determine the exact cause of liver dysfunction or damage.
- Mild elevation may be due to medications, alcohol intake, or temporary liver stress.
For more on Liver Function Testing, read this study.